飞过沼泽 yujunliang
老子行
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四级未过ds。泪求 英语帝帮忙。。。。 本人一时冲动。。答应了女神的英语翻译作业,求英语帝帮帮忙。。。。 Among the Transcendentalist group themselves,there were signs that Emerson’s plea for a literature of ‘Our own works’ was being answered.Emerson,Thoreau and Very were important poet. Around them, in New England, were others:John Greenleaf Whittier(1807—92),the author of powerful anti-slavery and pastoral verse; Henry Wadsworth Longfellow(1807-82), with his massive transatlantic popularity;James Russell Lowell(1819-9l), versifier and satirist who followed Longfellow in the Smith Chair of Modern Languages at Harvard;and Frederick Goddard Tuckerman(1821一73), a recently rediscovered New England Nature poet (and recluse) who in a poem like ‘The Cricket' shows an extraordinary understanding of the non-human world. In Oiver Wendell Holmes(1809—94),yet another Harvard professor, but no admirer of Transcendentalism,New England vaunted a witty belletrist (The Autocrat at the Breakfast Table, l858,etc.). His medicated novels, as he called them, include his minor lour de force, Elsie Venner (1861), which in tackling the decidedly modern subject of schizophrenia attacked fundamental Calvinist assumptions about human behavior. A New Englander more palpably responsive to Mission was Harriet Beecher Stowe(18ll-96), born 0f Calvinist stock in Connecticut,internationally known for her Uncle Tom’s Cabin一(1851-52), a richer achievement than its reputation usually admits, for it successfully blended purpose into art in creating the most famous of all abolitionist works. But she also deserves to be known for her other fiction,especially Dred:A Tale of the Great Dismal Swamp(1856)and The Minister's Wooing(1859). TRANSCENDENTALIST INHERITORS:THOREAU AND WHITMAN But of the major writers who answered Emerson’s call to the creative-Transcendentalist spirit,the nearest to hand was Henry David Thoreau(1817-62), Transcendentalism's most practical disciple, and a spirit almost martial in his emphatic individualism. When, after Harvard and a spe11 as handyman in Emerson’s house and his editorial assistant on The Dial, Thoreau moved to a hut at Walden P0nd,near Concord,on 4 July l845一truly his Independence Day—he began a process which gave us,in his classic diary—narrative,Walden(1854),a deep mid-century account of a life lived inwardly to its existential limits. ‘I went to the woods', Thoreau explained, because I wished to live deliberately,to front only the essential facts of life,and to see if I could not learn what it had to teach,and not,when I came to die,discover that I had not lived.I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear;nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and to put to rout all that was not life… to drive life into a corner and reduce it to its lowest terms. The economy of Thoreau’s prose speaks perfectly for the economy of his purpose, the need to corner life, and to arrest its overwhelming essence. That same fierce, independent energy animates nearly all his writing, and certainly the biographical pattern of his life. When he observes ‘I have travelled much in Concord’, he is speaking of Transcendental ‘travel’, the kind of ‘home-cosmography’ he alludes to in Walden’s concluding chapter. Few American writers pursued essence more tenaciously than Thoreau (‘I love to come at my bearings’ he confides at one point), or wrote a more engaging metaphoric idiom (his use of ‘economy’, ‘expense’, the ‘cost’ of things). More than any contemporary, Thoreau held Nature in the regard Emerson had described in ‘The Young American’: The land is the appointed remedy for whatever is false and fantastic in our culture. The continent we inhabit is to be physic and food for our mind, as well as our body.
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