level 1
我之前也没听说过,但历史上有这玩意,是确实存在的装备,大概就是给一个火枪装在长矛头上。也叫梨花枪。找了一个英文军事维基:
The earliest fire lances were spear-like weapons combining a bamboo tube containing gunpowder and projectiles tied to a Chinese spear. Upon firing, the charge ejected a small projectile or poison dart along with the flame. These fire lances had a range of only a few feet. Being a weapon that combines with a spear, it was initially used as a hand-to-hand weapon with the gunpowder shot designed to give the wielder an edge in close-quarter combat. Inventors soon saw the merit in the gunpowder/tube design and fire lances then appeared independent of the spear.
Diagrams, illustrations and books from the 10th century show the fire lance being used in battle, but it saw the most prolific usage during early to mid Song Dynasty, when various northern peoples encroached on Chinese soil. These short-ranged, one-shot, disposable weapons were often held in racks on city walls and gave Chinese defenders a tremendous tactical and psychological advantage when fired in volleys. They were ideal for dealing with enemies trying to scale city walls, or for holding the enemy at bay behind a breached gate.
The first fire-lances were seen in China during the 10th century, but by about 1260 they had developed into a variety of forms and although normally associated with peasant rebels, regular Song troops also used them, their use by cavalry being described at the siege of Yangzhou in 1276. They were cheap and popular for several centuries sometimes being used in racks to defend cities and remained in use until well after the Ming period. The development of gunpowder in the fire lance to have enough force to hurl a killing projectile was a key step along the development of the first true guns.
This weapon paved the way for further improvements to gunpowder weapons and is the direct ancestor of the modern-day firearm and artillery.
The weapon seems also to have evolved into rockets, which were used as a weapon in their own right.
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渣翻如下:
最早的火矛是一种绑着竹筒的长矛,竹筒中装有火药和弹丸。开火时,随着火焰喷出,竹筒会发射小弹丸或者毒镖。这些火矛射程只有几英尺(大概两三米的距离)。火矛最初只是一种火药射击跟长矛结合的武器,让持矛者在近距格斗中获得优势。发明者随后就发现了火药枪管的优势,火矛作为独立武器出现。
10世纪的图片和书籍记载用于战斗的火矛,但使用最频繁的是宋朝早期和中期,当时北方各民族入侵中国领土。这些短距、单发、一次性的武器被夹在城头的支架上,齐射时会给中国防御者们带来巨大的战术和心理优势。它们很适合对付攀登城墙的敌人,或者让敌人不敢进入攻破的城门。
10世纪中国首次出现火矛。1260年左右,火矛已经发展出若干型号,无论是起义农民军还是正规宋军都在食用,据记载1276年扬州之围中的骑兵使用了火矛。火矛价格便宜,风靡数个世纪,经常放在支架上守城,这种武器一直沿用至明朝结束后很久。火药的发展使得火矛发射的弹丸足以毙命,这是发展成真正的枪械的关键一步。
这种武器为进一步改进火药武器铺平了道路,是现代火器和大炮的直接祖先。
这种武器似乎也演进成了火箭——其本身就是一种武器。
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2021年11月08日 11点11分
