之所以把这篇文章贴出来，是因为它探讨了现在好莱坞面临年轻男演员（不是年轻男偶像）短缺的原因。它提出了一个问题，“新一代的莱昂纳多.迪卡普里奥、托比.马奎尔和杰克.吉伦哈尔在哪里？”

其实本文和Jake没太大关系，主要是对于Tobey（前蜘蛛君）的一个采访，Tobey全程都没提过Jake，但不知为啥作者在文章中不止一次提及老吉。（或许因为他认为老吉是新生代中的佼佼者，还是说他根本就是个吉粉？）

托比说最大的原因在于大制片厂不再像20世纪初那样在剧情片上投钱，所以现在的独立电影是买少见少，就算能成功开拍，其成本也被压缩了很多。
（LZ插花：的确，以杰克为例，他以前演的独立片，最便宜的应该是成本600万左右的《死亡幻觉》了，其他诸如《月光旅程》、《好女孩》之类都是一千万以上到两千万左右。放现在，那是绝对不可想像的！）

他说，因为小成本电影（通常这类电影以角色发展为主，对演技要求比较高）生存空间被打压，年轻演员越来越少有机会参与其中；他们现在更多只能出现在卖帅卖萌的商业片中，根本没有机会磨练演技，而这会影响他们作为演员的修炼。就像一棵树，一开始就长歪了，以后就很难再长直了。

爱德华.兹维克（曾执导过《爱情与灵药》）说，现在的年轻演员没有机会与老戏骨们、好导演们合作，他们更多是出现在有线电视剧里，然后学到一身坏习惯。

最后作者说托比看好的杰克.奥康奈尔有机会成为继十年前的杰克.吉伦哈尔之后、第一个25岁以下的奥斯卡提名获得者。

【原文】
Why Tobey Maguire Thinks There’s a Lack of Young Male Movie Stars
By Kyle Buchanan

In a 2011 Vulture article, we sized up the sparse field of young leading men in the movies and plaintively asked, “Where Are the New Leos, Tobeys, and Jakes?” Three years later, that drought has only gotten worse. While the movies can boast a plentiful array of bankable female superstars under 25, including Jennifer Lawrence, Shailene Woodley, and Kristen Stewart, their male counterparts are meager, and there’s still no young man with an under-25 career comparable to the one had by Leonardo DiCaprio (who’d been Oscar-nominated for What’s Eating Gilbert Grape and toplined the then-biggest movie ever, Titanic, before turning 25), Tobey Maguire (who’d by that age starred in classics like The Ice Storm and The Cider House Rules), or 【Jake Gyllenhaal (who made Brokeback Mountain, Donnie Darko, and Jarhead before his 25th birthday).】

What gives? Vulture put the question to Tobey Maguire himself at the Toronto Film Festival, where the 39-year-old actor was promoting Pawn Sacrifice, his new film about chess legend Bobby Fischer. Maguire had intended to make the movie years ago at Sony, but the superhero-saturated studio wouldn’t green-light the talky character drama, and Maguire had to make Pawn Sacrifice independently. It’s proof, Maguire posited, that we’re now in the sort of climate where studios no longer want to finance the medium-budgeted movies that used to give young men their star-making roles.

Where Are the New Leos, Tobeys, and Jakes?
“Movies now have more to do with an aesthetic,” Maguire said, “than they do with a performance. Growing up, it was always my ambition to work with great actors and great directors, and it was Leo's ambition, too, so that's what we were focused on and aiming for. Parts like those start to shape you as an actor, and they shape people's perception of you, too. Leo going into This Boy's Life at 15 years old and working with Robert De Niro, that shapes the rest of his career — and the studios aren’t [making] many movies like that anymore.” Indeed, that DiCaprio/De Niro period drama (in which Maguire also had a small role) was financed by Warner Bros. and released in April of 1993; nowadays, WB is more likely to stock its spring season with a megabudget project like Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, currently scheduled for March 2016.

Maguire’s Pawn Sacrifice director Ed Zwick, who himself cast Claire Danes in My So-Called Life and Evan Rachel Wood on Once and Again before either actress had turned 15, said some of our would-be leading men are languishing on su
bp
ar TV shows. “There's a poaching of young people where they're put into CW television shows, and they learn bad habits,” said Zwick. “They're given too much responsibility too quickly, and without the opportunity to work with these great directors that Tobey and Leo had. Young actors used to be cast as the third lead opposite stars like Spencer Tracy or Henry Fonda, and they had apprenticeships of a kind, learning their craft. That doesn't happen now.”
“You don't have the opportunity these days to develop good habits, or maybe even the desire to,” added Maguire. “If Leo and I were young now, I'd still aspire to work with great people, but those jobs don't exist anymore. I would feel like my only opportunities were in YA franchises and superhero movies. You can hold out for something better only for so long until you're like, Okay, I need a job!”

“I also think that mainstream American movies have shifted so much that the focus is on the superhero, rather than on the actor,” said Zwick, prompting a knowing nod from Maguire, who signed on to Spider-Man back when a comic-book franchise was novel instead of the norm. “I mean, Chris Evans is playing Captain America, but I don't think there are a lot of dramatic opportunities intrinsic to that part,” continued Zwick. “I think talented young actors still exist and you can see them in the proliferation of independent movies, but because those films don't get seen as much now, the people who do that great work aren't as quickly elevated into the public eye as people like Tobey were when the studios were making meatier roles for young men.”

And that, said Maguire, is why the newest crop of male movie stars like Tom Hardy (“a brilliant actor”), Bradley Cooper, and Chris Pratt now tend to be minted in their 30s rather than their 20s. “People will kind of creep up on you now, and maybe they're older than I was when you start to become aware of them,” said Maguire, “but I also just saw this kid in Starred Up, I think his name is Jack O'Connell, and I was like, Wow, this kid's legit!” The 24-year-old O’Connell, a Brit, also stars this December in Angelina Jolie’s highly anticipated film Unbroken, and if the up-and-comer nabs an Oscar nomination for his work as war hero Louis Zamperini in that movie, he’ll be the first actor in the 25-and-under bracket to score an Oscar nod since ... well, since Jake Gyllenhaal in Brokeback Mountain, nearly ten years ago.

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