level 11
In the Middle Age, there was a war between theGreat BritainandFrance.It’s called “Hundred Years’ War” because it lasted about 117 years. It began in1337, and the English army had already occupied nearly half of the land of France by 1427. In order to seize remainof the land of France, the English army surrounded Orleans, a French city. Thelocation of Orleansis very important for it’s near the River Loire. It was the River Loire thatstopped the English army, and the only bridge is in Orleans. If this city fell into the enemy’shands, the rest of the land would be occupied. Luckily, this didn’t happenbecause of the appearance of a miraculous girl. Her name is Joan of Arc.
Joan of Arc was born on January 6th,1412 in a small French village called Domrémy. This village is in the sphere ofinfluence of the Burgundies, which betrayedFranceand help the English army.So, Domrémy was destroyed by the enemy for several times. At the same time,Joan usually heard of the failure of the battles. She knew that her motherlandwas in danger, and she was very angry about the cowardly crown prince. What’smore, she said that she heard the voice from the heaven and the God asked herto saveFrance.Therefore, she decided to go to Chinon to meet the crown prince at the age of16. But she could hardly get the permission because she’s so young. When shewas going to Chinon, everyone thought that she was crazy and wanted to stopher, but no one could.
When Charles, the crown prince receivedthe letter which said that Joan would come to meet him, he felt surprised thatshe could be safe on that dangerous way, but he was also worried about heridentity for he thought that she might be an assassin. So he came up with anidea that he could let someone pretend the crown prince. If she was anassassin, she would kill the wrong person. But if she was sent by God, shewould find him. Of course, Joan found him at once. She told him that she wouldfight forFrance,and asked for the equipment and the troops. Charles believed in her, so heagreed.
In the spring of 1429, Joan arrived in Orleans. Joan knew nothing about the tactics. She just wanted to fightto saveFrance,so she waved her banner and led the soldiers to fight against the enemy. Shenever stopped fighting even though she was wounded by an English archer.Because of her brave behavior, the morale of the French army was much higherthan before. Joan and other soldiers made a hard hit on the English army.Several months later, Orleanswas free. And many people called her “Maid of Orleans”. After that, Joan took Reims back and Charles was crowned there in July. All theFrench soldiers were happy about this. Charles wasn’t the crown prince anymore.He was Charles VII, the king ofFrance.
However, Charles VII was still acowardly and even thankless man. After he became the king ofFrance, theperson who owned the military power is Charles instead of Joan. He was afraidof wars, so he wanted to negotiate with the Burgundies and stopped supportingJoan to fight. Without enough military power, Joan failed to take Paris back. What’s worse,she was captured by the Burgundies on May 23rd, 1430 in Compiegne unfortunately.They gave Charles VII a chance to redeem her, but he refused. He even pretendedthat he didn’t know her. Then Joan was brought to the English judges. Thejudges maintained that she was sinful and regarded her as a witch.
Finally, Joan of Arc, the poor innocent19-year-old girl was burnt at the stake in Rouen on May 30th, 1431.
Joan’s death made the French soldiersangry. They began to attack the English army time after time with the slogan“Revenge for Joan of Arc”. In the end,Francewon the war in 1453.
About 500 years later, in 1920, Joanwas canonized by theVatican.InFrance,people call her “Jeanne la Pucelle”.
Ina word, Joan of Arc wasn’t a witch at all.She was a real heroine.
2014年05月25日 12点05分