Turing, a gay, was a founding father of artificial intelligence and of modern cognitive science, and he was a leading early exponent of the hypothesis that the human brain is in large part a digital computing machine. He theorized that the cortex at birth is an “unorganised machine” that through “training” becomes organized “into a universal machine or something like it.” Turing proposed what subsequently became known as the Turing test as a criterion for whether an artificial computer is thinking (1950).
图灵，男同，人工智能和现代认知科学之父，也是"人脑在很大程度上是一台数字计算机"这一假说的早期倡导者。他提出，大脑皮层在出生时是一台"无组织的机器"，通过"训练"被组织成"一台通用机或类似的东西"。图灵提出了后来被称为图灵测试的标准，用以判断一台人工计算机是否在思考（1950年）。

A L A N T U R I N G

Born June 23, 1912, Alan Turing was a uniquely gifted thinker. Educated at Cambridge, he delivered a paper just two years after graduation which presented the idea of his “Turing machine”, a predecessor to the modern computer.
He spent the next few years studying for a PhD at Princeton University, after which he returned to Cambridge and joined the Government Code and Cypher School (GCCS) – a code-breaking squad.
During the Second World War, Turing worked at the famous Bletchley Park where he helped to crack the Enigma code use by the German navy to transmit secret communications. It has been said that without the efforts of Turing and his colleagues, the war might have continued for two to four years longer. Each year the war raged on claimed the lives of about seven million.
After the war ended, Turing continued to work on computing innovation. In 1950, he proposed the “Turing test” to determine whether a computer was artificially intelligent. Seven decades on, it remainsan important concept in AI.
艾伦·图灵生于1912年6月23日，是一位天赋独一无二的思想家。他求学于剑桥大学，毕业仅两年便发表论文，提出了“图灵机”构想——这正是现代计算机的前身。
此后数年，他赴普林斯顿大学攻读博士学位；学成返回剑桥后，加入英国政府密码学校，也就是一支密码破译团队。
第二次世界大战期间，图灵在知名的布莱切利园工作，协助破解德国海军用于加密秘密通讯的恩尼格玛密码。有观点认为，若没有图灵及其同事的付出，二战或许会多持续两至四年，而战争每多延续一年，就会夺走约七百万人的生命。
战争结束后，图灵继续深耕计算机创新领域。1950年，他提出“图灵测试”，用以判定计算机是否具备人工智能。七十多年过去，该理论至今仍是人工智能领域的核心重要概念。

男王

But it was around this time that Alan Turing’s life took a turn, as a gay man alive at a time when homosexuality was a crime . In January 1952, he called police after a home break-in and was forced to admit that he’d had a sexual relationship with the robber, 19-year-old Arnold Murray.
Despite being a war hero, Turning was arrested and admitted to “acts of gross indecency”. He was given a choice between prison or probation on the condition he undergo cruel chemical castration – hormonal treatment to eliminate his libido, and therefore any sexual urges. He chose the latter.
His conviction meant that his security clearance at GCHQ – the post-war successor to GCCS – was revoked, and he was banned from entering the US, ending his career as he knew it – though he was able to continue his academic work.
Around this time, Turing wrote to a friend, confiding: “I have had a dream indicating rather clearly that I am on the way to being hetero, though I don’t accept it with much enthusiasm, either awake or in the dreams.”
但就在这段时期，艾伦·图灵的人生急转直下——身为同**者，在那个同**行为仍属刑事犯罪的年代，他举步维艰。1952年1月，家中失窃后他报警求助，却被迫坦白自己与19岁的窃贼阿诺德·默里存在*关系。
尽管是战功赫赫的战争英雄，图灵依旧遭到逮捕，并承认犯下“严重猥*行为”。法庭给他两个选择：要么入狱服刑，要么接受缓刑，但前提是必须接受残酷的化学阉*——通过激素治疗压制性欲，彻底消除性冲动。他选择了后者。
定罪记录导致他被撤销政府通信总部（GCHQ，政府密码学校战后继任机构）的安全涉密权限，同时被禁止入境美国，他原本的事业就此终结，不过仍可以继续从事学术研究。
彼时，图灵曾写信向友人倾诉：“我做了一个梦，梦里清晰预示我终将变得异*恋，可无论清醒还是入梦，我对此都毫无期待。”

1954年6月7日，41岁的艾伦·图灵自*身*。大约13年后，也就是1967年，英格兰和威尔士才将同**行为部分除罪化。
直到2009年，英国政府才为图灵因性*向遭受国家不公对待一事公开致歉。
时任首相戈登·布朗称他的遭遇“骇人听闻”且“极度不公”。
他在声明中写道：“我们向你致歉，你本应拥有更好的人生。”
“承认艾伦是英国最知名的恐/同/受*者之一，是迈向平等的又一步，这份公正迟到了太久。”
“但除此之外，艾伦更值得世人铭记他对全人类做出的贡献……正是因为有艾伦·图灵这般全心抗击法*斯的男男女女，大屠*与全面战*的惨剧才沦为欧洲的过往，而非当下。
因此，我谨代表英国政府，以及所有因艾伦的研究成果得以安稳自由生活的人们，满怀愧疚地说一句：对不起，你本值得世间所有温柔以待。”
四年后的2014年，图灵获追授王室特赦。2017年，英国出台以他命名的法律，数千名曾因旧时同*相关*名被定*的男性可申请正式赦免。
法案颁布时，约有1.5万名在世的同*恋男性符合赦免条件，另有5万名已故者的定*记录被清除。
然而截至2019年9月，成功获得赦免的在世者不足200人。

吞nm

吞nm！

吞！n！m！

世同一

很可以

🎂

男王

看着真令人唏嘘，三好同还以为现在的大环境是老天赏赐的，殊不知有多少人的鲜血在前头