慕沧枭寐 慕沧枭寐
在微博纱织超话给纱织产粮,还有世界各神话
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【资料】哪吒生日 据以下资料,哪吒生日并无一统的情况,《鐵函心史》说是二月,但清代澳门又以年中为诞辰。 明《鐵函心史》:“岁岁四月佛诞日,二月那咤太子诞日,” 清1898年的澳門憲報:“茲我柿山哪吒古廟二百餘年,一坊香火,闔澳拜參,地潔神靈,年中神誕費用多金,奈無嘗業難以躊躇,目見神功冷淡,年不如年。今闔坊公議將本廟司祝開投,每年價銀二百大元為底,連投三年為期,價高者得。先交押票銀十大元,若投得者,將押票銀作為按櫃,尾年扣除,其租銀分四季交納,先交上期一季,方得開辦,准五月初一日開投,特此預聞。光緒二十四年四月吉旦。柿山圍當年值事楊兆英等啟。” 民国1937年沈敏《潮安年节风俗谈》谈到“旧历四月初八日,潮俗以为太子爷的诞辰”的风俗,记载“民间崇拜的太子爷.大略分为两种:一为《封神榜》中的哪吒太子,以三月十七日为诞辰,一为佛教始祖的释迦牟尼,即是四月初八生辰的。” 当今福建(如顶岱山九龙宫)和台湾的哪吒庙常以九月初九为哪吒生日,说明闽台的哪吒信仰是一个相对稳定的信仰圈。 新营太子宫的维基百科,提到金吒生日十一月初十,木吒生日佛诞四月初八,哪吒生日九月初九。 新营太子宫是当今很多台湾哪吒庙的祖庙。 但并未找到维基说法的古代出处。
明清小说的木吒形象 僧伽徒弟木叉,在元代《西游记平话》成为天王太子,元代亦有说为观音徒弟(僧伽和观音缝合之故)。 为勇猛力士,护法行者。百回本西游亦说是天王太子,封神且强调为年少童子。 百回本《西游记》:那菩萨闻言,踊跃作礼而退,即唤惠岸行者随行。那惠岸使一条混铁棍,重有千斤,只在菩萨左右作一个降魔的大力士。 妖魔凶猛,惠岸威能。铁棒分心捣,钉钯劈面迎。播土扬尘天地暗,飞砂走石鬼神惊。九齿钯,光耀耀,双环响喨;一条棒,黑悠悠,两手飞腾。这个是天生太子,那个是元帅精灵。一个在普陀为护法,一个在山洞作妖精。这场相遇争高下,不知那个亏输那个赢。 罗纹石上,护法威严;玛瑙滩前,木叉雄壮。 《封神演义》:李靖看时,见一道童,顶着巾,道袍大袖,麻履丝绦。来者乃九公山白鹤洞普贤真人徒弟木吒是也。木吒曰:“父亲,孩儿在此。” 方欲起身,只听的山上有人唱道情而来。道人回首一看,原来是一道童:天使还玄得做仙,做仙随处睹青天。此言勿谓吾狂妄,得意回时合自然。 怎见得九宫山大战:这一个轻移道步,那一个急转麻鞋。轻移道步,撤玉靶纯钢出鞘;急转麻鞋,浅金装宝剑离匣。锏来剑架,剑锋斜刺一团花;剑去锏迎,脑后千块寒雾滚。一个是肉身成圣,木吒多威武;一个是灵霄殿上,神将逞雄威。些儿眼慢,目下皮肉不完全;手若迟松,眼下尸骸分两块。 这道童狼行虎跳,仗剑且凶,望琼霄一剑劈来。琼霄急架忙迎,未及三合,木吒把肩膀一摇,吴钩剑起在空中。 二人步战之间,剑分上下,要赌雌雄。一个是肉身成圣的木吒,施威仗勇;
【资料】吴城小龙女 出自宋代记载,是吴城龙王庙的神女,其丈夫是南海广利王幼子。清代有文献将其和赤城韩夫人、曹仙姑、紫姑都列为女仙。 宋《异闻总录》: 旧传荆州江亭柱间有词曰:"帘卷曲阑独倚,山展暮天无际,泪眼不曾晴。家在吴头楚尾,数点雪花乱委,扑漉沙鸥惊起。诗句欲成时,没入苍烟丛里。"黄鲁直读之凄然曰:"似为余发也,不时何人所作?笔势类女子,又『泪眼不曾晴'之句,疑为鬼耳。"是夕梦女子曰:"我家豫章吴城山,附客舟至此,堕水死,不得归,登江亭有感而作,不意公能识之。"鲁直惊寤曰:"此必吴城小龙女辈也!"时建中靖国元年云。干道六年,吴明可芾守豫章,其子登科,同年生清江朱景文,因缘来见,得摄新建尉。适府中葺吴城龙王庙,命之董役,颇极严致,及更塑偶像,朱指壁间所绘神女容相,谓工曰:"必肖此乃佳!"凡三四易,然后明丽艳冶如之,朱甚喜。复忆荆州词,以谓语意愤抑凄婉,殆非龙宫娴雅出尘态度,为赋玉楼春一阕,书于壁曰:"玉阶琼室冰壶帐,窣地水晶帘不上。儿家住处隔红尘,云气悠扬风淡荡。有时闲把兰舟放,雾鬓烟鬟乘翠浪。夜深满载明月归,画破琉璃千万丈。"即而夜梦旌幢羽葆,仪卫甚盛,拥一辎軿,有美女子居其中,传言龙女来谒。下车相见,宴罢寝昵,如经一日夜,言谈潇洒,风仪穆然。将行,谓朱曰:"君当不记畴昔事矣,君前身本南海广利王幼子,因行游江湖为我家婿,妾实得奉箕帚。今君虽以宿缘来生朱氏,然吴城之念,正尔不忘,故得禄多在豫章之分,须君官南海,阳禄且尽,此时当复诣佳偶。知君所作玉楼春词,破前人之误,甚以为感,非君忆旧游,亦无因知我家如此其熟也。"言毕,怆别而去。即觉,乃亟作文记其事,特未悟南海之说,但云岂非他日,或以言事贬窜至彼邪?尔后每夕外入,常闻室内笑语声,久而病瘠,家人疑其有祟,挽使罢归。明年,又以事来吴,公已去,后帅龚实之留摄酒官,俄以家难去。服阕,调袁州分宜主簿,顷次家居。县之士子,昔从为学,闻其归乡,相率来谒,因话邑中风土,偶及主簿廨前有南海王庙,朱恍然自失,明日抱疾,遂不起。元未尝得至官,凡两摄职于豫章,所谓多得禄者,如是而已。盖初治像及撰词时,方寸坠妄境,故自绝其命,神女之梦契,殆必黠鬼托以为奸者欤?乐平人杨振者,为临江司户,说其事甚详。 清《御选历代诗余》: 女仙 玉英 蓬莱仙人 吴城小龙女 黄庭坚登荆州亭见柱间一词夜梦一女子云有感而作庭坚惊悟曰此必吴城小龙女也
【摘抄】希腊道里志 在希腊大陆上,面对基克拉泽斯群岛和爱琴海,苏尼昂海角从阿提卡大地上脱颖而出。 当你绕过海角时,你会看到一个港口 和一座苏尼昂海角女神雅典娜庙Athena Souniados(雅典娜·苏尼亚多斯)在海角的顶峰上。 正如我已经说过的,在法勒鲁姆,它附近是得墨忒耳的圣地。这里还有一座华盖女神雅典娜(Athena Sciras)的庙, 这里有雅典娜·Paeonia(治疗者)、宙斯、谟涅摩绪涅和缪斯女神的神像,一尊阿波罗, 在Megarid的海岸上有他的坟墓,在一块叫塘鹅女神雅典娜的海岩处。 但当我看到雅典娜的雕像有一双蓝色的眼睛时,我发现关于那些传说是利比亚的。因为利比亚人说这位女神是波塞冬和特里托尼斯湖女神的女儿,因此她有一双像波塞冬一样的蓝眼睛。 健康卫生Health,传说中称她为阿斯克勒庇俄斯的女儿,而雅典娜也称健康Health。 I have already stated that the Athenians are far more devoted to religion than other men. They were the first to surname Athena Ergane (Worker); they were the first to set up limbless Hermae, and the temple of their goddess is shared by the Spirit of Good men. Those who prefer artistic workmanship to mere antiquity may look at the following: a man wearing a helmet, by Cleoetas, whose nails the artist has made of silver, and an image of Earth beseeching Zeus to rain upon her; perhaps the Athenians them selves needed showers, or may be all the Greeks had been plagued with a drought. There also are set up Timotheus the son of Conon and Conon himself; Procne too, who has already made up her mind about the boy, and Itys as well – a group dedicated by Alcamenes. Athena is represented displaying the olive plant, and Poseidon the wave, [1.24.5] Their ritual, then, is such as I have described. As you enter the temple that they name the Parthenon, all the sculptures you see on what is called the pediment refer to the birth of Athena, those on the rear pediment represent the contest for the land between Athena and Poseidon. The statue itself is made of ivory and gold. On the middle of her helmet is placed a likeness of the Sphinx – the tale of the Sphinx I will give when I come to my description of Boeotia – and on either side of the helmet are griffins in relief. [1.24.7] The statue of Athena is upright, with a tunic reaching to the feet, and on her breast the head of Medusa is worked in ivory. She holds a statue of Victory about four cubits high, and in the other hand a spear; at her feet lies a shield and near the spear is a serpent. This serpent would be Erichthonius. On the pedestal is the birth of Pandora in relief. Hesiod and others have sung how this Pandora was the first woman; before Pandora was born there was as yet no womankind. The only portrait statue I remember seeing here is one of the emperor Hadrian, and at the entrance one of Iphicrates,74 who accomplished many remarkable achievements. [2.24.8] Opposite the temple is a bronze Apollo, said to be the work of Pheidias. They call it the Locust God, because once when locusts were devastating the land the god said that he would drive them from Attica. That he did drive them away they know, but they do not say how. I myself know that locusts have been destroyed three times in the past on Mount Sipylus, and not in the same way. Once a gale arose and swept them away; on another occasion violent heat came on after rain and destroyed them; the third time sudden cold caught them and they died. [1.26.6] Both the city and the whole of the land are alike sacred to Athena; for even those who in their parishes have an established worship of other gods nevertheless hold Athena in honor. But the most holy symbol, that was so considered by all many years before the unification of the parishes, is the image of Athena which is on what is now called the Acropolis, but in early days the Polis (City). A legend concerning it says that it fell from heaven; whether this is true or not I shall not discuss. A golden lamp for the goddess was made by Callimachus.82 [1.26.7] Having filled the lamp with oil, they wait until the same day next year, and the oil is sufficient for the lamp during the interval, although it is alight both day and night. The wick in it is of Carpasian flax,83 the only kind of flax which is fire-proof, and a bronze palm above the lamp reaches to the roof and draws off the smoke. The Callimachus who made the lamp, although not of the first rank of artists, was yet of unparalleled cleverness, so that he was the first to drill holes through stones, and gave himself the title of Refiner of Art, or perhaps others gave the title and he adopted it as his. 在雅典娜·Polias(城池的)的庙里有一个赫耳墨斯木像,据说是刻克洛普斯供奉的,但由于桃金娘的树枝而看不见。 [1.27.2] About the olive they have nothing to say except that it was testimony the goddess produced when she contended for their land. Legend also says that when the Persians fired Athens the olive was burnt down, but on the very day it was burnt it grew again to the height of two cubits. Adjoining the temple of Athena is the temple of Pandrosus, the only one of the sisters to be faithful to the trust. [1.27.3] I was much amazed at something which is not generally known, and so I will describe the circumstances. Two maidens dwell not far from the temple of Athena Polias, called by the Athenians Bearers of the Sacred Offerings. For a time they live with the goddess, but when the festival comes round they perform at night the following rites. Having placed on their heads what the priestess of Athena gives them to carry – neither she who gives nor they who carry have any knowledge what it is – the maidens descend by the natural underground passage that goes across the adjacent precincts, within the city, of Aphrodite in the Gardens. They leave down below what they carry and receive something else which they bring back covered up. These maidens they henceforth let go free, and take up to the Acropolis others in their place. THE ACADEMY OF ATHENS [1.30.1] XXX. Before the entrance to the Academy is an altar to Love, with an inscription that Charmus was the first Athenian to dedicate an altar to that god. The altar within the city called the altar of Anteros (Love Avenged) they say was dedicated by resident aliens, because the Athenian Meles, spurning the love of Timagoras, a resident alien, bade him ascend to the highest point of the rock and cast himself down. Now Timagoras took no account of his life, and was ready to gratify the youth in any of his requests, so he went and cast himself down. When Meles saw that Timagoras was dead, he suffered such pangs of remorse that he threw himself from the same rock and so died. From this time the resident aliens worshipped as Anteros the avenging spirit of Timagoras. [1.30.2] In the Academy is an altar to Prometheus, and from it they run to the city carrying burning torches. The contest is while running to keep the torch still alight; if the torch of the first runner goes out, he has no longer any claim to victory, but the second runner has. If his torch also goes out, then the third man is the victor. If all the torches go out, no one is left to be winner. There is an altar to the Muses, and another to Hermes, and one within to Athena, and they have built one to Heracles. There is also an olive tree, accounted to be the second that appeared. 在海岸边的Zoster(腰带)是雅典娜、阿波罗、阿尔忒弥斯和勒托的祭坛。故事是这样的,勒托并没有在这里生下她的孩子,而是为了分娩而松开了腰带,这个地方因此得名。 有一个叫Acharnae的教区,他们在那里崇拜阿波罗 Agyieus(街道之神)和赫拉克勒斯,还有一个雅典娜健康的祭坛。 祭坛的第四部分是献给阿佛洛狄特和Panacea的,还有Iaso、许癸厄亚和治疗者雅典娜。 他对她的爱如此之深,以至于当她去世时,他为她建造了一座坟墓,这是所有古希腊坟墓中最值得注意的。这里有一个圣地,里面供奉着得墨忒耳、她女儿、雅典娜和阿波罗的雕像。 我的叙述已经讲述了潘迪翁是如何被埋葬在所称雅典娜 Aethyia之石(塘鹅)上的。 [1.41.4] The Megarians have a council chamber which once, they say, was the grave of Timalcus, who just now I said was not killed by Theseus. On the top of the citadel is built a temple of Athena, with an image gilt except the hands and feet; these and the face are of ivory. There is another sanctuary built here, of Athena Victory, and yet a third of Athena Aeantis (Ajacian). 在市场的中间是一座雅典娜的铜像,其基座上雕刻着缪斯女神的浮雕。
荷马史诗讨论 《伊利亚特》: 雅典娜,女神中之最姣杰,把穗带飘摇的埃吉斯挂上阿喀琉斯那宽厚的肩膀,随后布起一层金色的浮云,在他的头顶,从中辉映出一片闪耀火焰,光照四方。 《伊利亚特》: 拿起一件宽大美丽的裙袍。像星辰一样闪着亮光。被收在袍子的最下一层。她把它作为献给雅典娜的礼物。然后她的身前去,跟随着一大群年老的妇女。她们来到了高城上的神庙,基塞斯之女,美丽的特阿诺打开了庙门,她是驯马手安特诺尔的妻子,受特洛亚人的委派,作雅典娜的祭司。女人们向着雅典娜高举双手,大声呼喊。美丽的特阿诺托起裙袍,铺展在美发ἠϋκόμοιο的雅典娜的膝上,然后虔诚地祈祷:“雅典娜夫人,城池守护者,女神中之最姣杰δῖα 《LSJ词典》: δῖος , δῖα^ (Hom., v. infr.), δῖον, fem. δία_ in E.Rh.226 (lyr.), IT404 (lyr.) ( A. [select] “δίη” Hes.Th.260 codd.); fem. “δῖος” E.Ba.599 (anap.):—in Ep., heavenly, “δ. γένος” Il.9.538, etc., used by Hom., 1. [select] of goddesses, “δῖα θεά” 10.290; more freq. δῖα θεάων, with superl. force, 18.388, 19.6, etc.; “δαίμονα δῖον” Hes.Th.991. 2. [select] of illustrious men or women, noble, Il.2.221, etc.; δῖα γυναικῶν noblest of women, Od.4.305; excellent, “δ. ὑφορβός” 16.20, al. 19.6There is a certain Nysa, a mountain most high and richly grown with woods 洛布古典丛书英译解释为fairest among goddesses,女神中至美 又例《伊利亚特》:τὸν ὑπ᾽ Ἀδμήτῳ τέκε δῖα γυναικῶν Ἄλκηστις Πελίαο θυγατρῶν εἶδος ἀρίστη. 他是佩利阿斯王最美貌的女儿、女人中的姣杰阿尔克提斯为阿德墨托斯所生。
西游记的五明王:降牛哪吒+四金刚 李天飞讲西游: 密宗四大金刚这里多八一点东西,这里涉及到围困牛魔王的“四大金刚”,和佛教常见的风调雨顺四大金刚名号并不相同。关于四位金刚的考证,贫道觉得多年前网上有一位“旃檀大帝”的先生,考证得已经很详细了,不敢掠美,将这位先生的考证结果发上来,供大家讨论:胜至金刚:我们在密宗中直接找到了他,降三世明王。该明王密号最胜金刚,在五大明王中仅次于不动明王,为东方不动如来的教令轮身,能降服过去现在未来三世之毒。从他的最胜金刚的密号看,最胜与胜至同一不二。永住金刚:即密宗不动明王。不动明王密号常住金刚,是明王首席,为大日如来的教令轮身,因其净菩提心之德至为威猛,坚固不动,故称为不动。永住,常住,同一不二。泼法金刚:我们首先看这个名号,泼之法,那么什么东西是能泼的?自然是液体。这就是军荼利明王。军荼利明王是南方宝生佛的教令轮身,密号“甘露金刚”,“军荼利”是梵语的音译,意为瓶,在密宗中,瓶常常是甘露的象征,此明王以慈悲方便,流注甘露水,以洗涤众生之心。甘露洗涤,非泼法而何?大力金刚:情况比较复杂,至少三位候选人。一是“秽迹明王”,又名大火头明王,又称为“大力威怒金刚”,又称“大力金刚”;一是“无能胜明王”,亦有“大力金刚”的称谓,但是,还有一位不在明王队伍,但名字完全一致,他就是位于胎藏界曼荼罗金刚手院第一行金刚萨埵前之使者也。大力,音译摩诃缚罗。虽然有这么多候选,但从名号上的保险起见,还是选择胎藏界中的大力金刚。最后再整理如下:泼法金刚:密教军荼利明王,密号甘露瓶金刚胜至金刚:密教降三世明王,密号最胜金刚永住金刚:密教不动明王,密号常住金刚大力金刚:密教胎藏界大力金刚
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