愿那雲是我
愿那雲是我
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巨齿鲨时代抹香鲸类斯卡尔鲸科Scaldicetus化石 Scaldicetus 斯卡尔鲸科 | | |?- †“Physodon” lorteti Deperet 1887 | | |-- †S. bellunensisDal Piaz 1922 | | |-- †S. caretti Du Bus 1867 | | |?- ?†S. crispus (nomen nudum) | | |-- †S. degiorgii Varola et al., 1988 | | |-- †S. grandis (Du Bus, 1872) | | |-- †S. inflatus Cigala-Fulgosi & Pilleri, 1985 | | |-- †S. leccense (Gervais, 1872) | | |-- †S. lodgei Chapman, 1917
为鲨鱼时代史前鲸类正名 Prozeuglodon isis 伊西斯原轭齿鲸(原轭齿鲸属本身就存在疑问,有人是认为这个属有问题,可以归纳进龙王鲸属)
真鲨类何时出现? 牛鲨[Carcharhinus leucas] bull shark 上新世
渐新世皇者安格斯廸鲨Carcharocles angustidens 巨齿鲨(megalodon)祖先Carcharocles angustidens安格斯廸鲨 的椎骨直径为9.5厘米。
巨齿鲨不同位置的牙齿化石 最前方:
新西兰捕捉到10米长的巨鱿 By RAY LILLEY, Associated Press Writer Thu Feb 22, 7:41 AM ET WELLINGTON, New Zealand - A fishing crew has caught a colossal squid that could weigh a half-ton and prove to be the biggest specimen ever landed, a fisheries official said Thursday. ADVERTISEMENT The squid, weighing an estimated 990 lbs and about 39 feet long, took two hours to land in Antarctic waters, New Zealand Fisheries Minister Jim Anderton said.The fishermen were catching Patagonian toothfish, sold under the name Chilean sea bass, south of New Zealand "and the squid was eating a hooked toothfish when it was hauled from the deep," Anderton said.The fishing crew and a fisheries official on board their ship estimated the length and weight of the squid: Detailed, official measurements have not been made. The date when the colossus was caught also was not disclosed.Colossal squid, known by the scientific name Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni, are estimated to grow up to 46 feet long and have long been one of the most mysterious creatures of the deep ocean.If original estimates are correct, the squid would be 330 pounds heavier than the next biggest specimen ever found."I can assure you that this is going to draw phenomenal interest. It is truly amazing," said Dr. Steve O'Shea, a squid expert at the Auckland University of Technology. If calamari rings were made from the squid they would be the size of tractor tires, he added.Colossal squid can descend to 6,500 feet and are extremely active, aggressive hunters, he said.The frozen squid will be transported to New Zealand's national museum, Te Papa, in the capital, Wellington, to be preserved for scientific study.Marine scientists "will be very interested in this amazing creature as it adds immeasurably to our understanding of the marine environment," Anderton said.Colossal squid are found in Antarctic waters and are not related to giant squid found round the coast of New Zealand. Giant squid grow up to 39 feet long, but are not as heavy as colossal squid.
巨齿鲨近亲(一)长尾鲨 长尾鲨属Alopias;thresher shark 鼠鲨目长尾鲨科的一属,有3种,通称长尾鲨。最长者可达4.5米,一般1.5米左右,尾部占体长之半。尾椎轴稍上翘。口弧形,具唇褶。眼圆形,小或中大。喷水孔细小。鳃孔中大。牙三角形,侧齿头或有或无。胸鳍大。广泛分布在大西洋、太平洋的热带、亚热带和温带各海区。化石见于第三纪。中国有狐形长尾鲨、浅海长尾鲨和深海长尾鲨3种。长尾鲨为上层鱼类,常成群以长尾击鱼,使其昏厥而捕食。卵胎生,幼鱼在夏季降生。产量不大。
现今十大鲨鱼 1.鲸鲨 一般为12~15米,最大长度超过20米,重达35.8吨 。 为史上最大的鲨鱼 (不要再说史前的生物总是比现在的大) 2001年亦有一条21.4米的鲸鲨,不过有待证实。
幼巨齿鲨的主要食物 海牛鲸Odobenocetops 上新世 300万-500万年前 长2.1米 海牛鲸那25厘米长的獠牙使它看起来像是一种海象和海牛之间的过渡体,其雄性的右侧獠牙长得非常大——长达1.35米,但这种动物没有任何牙齿。它在浅水区靠近海床的地方巡游,那里是十分安全的。有一个种具有回声定位器官,类似于现代的海豚。海牛鲸通过挖掘泥沙寻找蠕虫和甲壳类动物吃。肌肉强健的嘴唇使它可以把蛤肉从壳里吸出来。海牛鲸是一种呼吸空气的哺乳动物,所以必须在两次潜水之间上浮。海牛鲸尽管尺寸很大,却没什么手段对付鲨鱼,那一对獠牙的强度不足以用于搏斗。
巨齿鲨时代的抹香鲸类 史前抹香鲸品种非常多,估计只有巨齿鲨这些超过十米长鲨鱼可构成威胁外,像大白这些中型鲨鱼根本不足以构成威胁。 †代表绝种 |?- †Auiophyseter |?- †Ferecetotherium kelloggi Mchedlidze, 1970 |?- †Dinoziphius |?- †Haplocetus |?- †Ontocetus |?- †Plesiocetopsis [Plesiocetus] |?- †Helvicetus |--o †Aulophyseterinae Kazar, 2002 | `--o †Aulophyseter Kellogg, 1927 | |-- †A. mediatlanticus (Cope, 1895) Kazar, 2002 | |-- †A. morricei Kellogg, 1927 | `-- †A. rionegrensis Gondar, 1974 |--o †Hoplocetinae Cabrera, 1926 | |--o †Scaldicetus Du Bus, 1867 | | |?- †“Physodon” lorteti Deperet 1887 | | |-- †S. bellunensisDal Piaz 1922 | | |-- †S. caretti Du Bus 1867 | | |?- ?†S. crispus (nomen nudum) | | |-- †S. degiorgii Varola et al., 1988 | | |-- †S. grandis (Du Bus, 1872) | | |-- †S. inflatus Cigala-Fulgosi & Pilleri, 1985 | | |-- †S. leccense (Gervais, 1872) | | |-- †S. lodgei Chapman, 1917 | |--o †Idiorophus Kellogg, 1925 [taxonomic history] | | |-- †I. bolzanensis (Dal Piaz, 1916) [taxonomic history] | | `-- †I. patagonicus (Lydekker, 1894) [taxonomic history] | |-- †Diaphorocetus poucheti | |-- †Hoplocetus | `-- †Paleophoca `--+--o Physeterinae (sperm whales; kaskelotit) | |-- †Placoziphius | |-- Physeter catodon (giant sperm whale; kaskelotti) | |-- †Orycterocetus | |-- †Physeterula | |-- †Prophyseter | |-- †Thalassocetus | |-- †Idiophyseter | |-- †Physetodon | |-- †Balaenodon | `-- †Priscophyseter `--o Kogiinae Gill, 1871 (dwarf sperm whales; kääpiökaskelotit) |-- †Miokogia |-- †Kogiopsis |-- †Praekogia |-- †Scaphokogia `--o Kogia (dwarf sperm whale; kääpiökaskelotit) |-- K. breviceps (pygmy sperm whale; kääpiökaskelotti) `-- K. simus (dwarf sperm whale; pikkukaskelotti) 另外,最近发现了一种新品种的古抹香鲸名为Zygophyseter varolai,很像是生存於意大利,可惜资料太少。 看来中新世~上新世时期巨齿鲨已不是完全没有对手,应该某些抹香鲸类是巨齿鲨忌惮三分的,可惜资料太少。
滑齿龙的神话 关於滑齿龙最大体长:http://www.rense.com/general33/monster.htm Bones measuring 65 feet from nose to tail, teeth packed into 10 ft jaws powerful enough to bite through granite and a total physical weight of 50 tons - these are the characteristics of Liopleurodon ferox, a fearsome carnivore that terrorised the seas 150 million years ago. 报导指滑齿最大只有19.5米,50吨(严重怀疑滑齿是否有50吨? ) 2002年6月に発表されて有名になった巨大で、かつ保存状态の良好な化石に Monster of Aramberri がある。発见されたメキシコの地名にちなんでこう呼ばれた怪物は1982年に见つかっているのだが、最初は恐竜のものだとされていた。头骨の长さ3.5m、全长18m、体重50t以上。マッコウクジラと并べてみると体重の见积もりは过大なように感じられるが。 この骨はドイツの Karlsruhe にある自然史博物馆の Eberhard Frey によってリオプレウロドン Liopleurodon ferox と鉴定されたそうだ。しかもまだ若い个体のものだという(Discovery)。これが BBC の25mの根拠になっているのかもしれない。 这亦有报导指最大的滑齿为18米,50吨。头骨为3.5米长。
如何推敲巨齿鲨全长? 事实上,即使不用大白鲨推断巨齿鲨体长,很多鲨鱼体长明显是上下鄂长度的十至十一倍。 虎鲨:
杀食相片 1.
不为人知的小王朝 大王鱿Architeuthis於白垩纪灭绝後第三纪早期已出现。
美图 1
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