大发兄弟 大发兄弟
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关于孔子与叶公好龙中的叶公 以前在贴吧里看一个帖子,地址在此:http://tieba.baidu.com/f?ct=335675392&tn=baiduPostBrowser&sc=3568182396&z=333596618&pn=0&rn=50&lm=0&word=%BF%D7%D7%D3#3568182396认为叶公本为一位著名思想家军事家政治家,是由于与孔子有争论才被扣上叶公好龙的帽子。当时看帖子时,对于这段典故并不了解,于是便相信了,近日读孔子生平以及论语,发现其实为叶公扣上好龙的帽子的人并不是孔子,反而是孔子与叶公接下了很深的友谊,对叶公好龙的故事表示理解。所谓孔子和叶公之间的争论也不是争论,下简要陈述如下,与大家分享。鲁哀公六年,孔子从陈蔡间离开,去拜访叶公。当时子路不了解,说他听过叶公好龙的故事,认为叶公是不值得拜访的。孔子对子路的解释是:龙是一种神异的生物,并没有人见过真的龙。孔子据此推测,认为叶公家里的龙可能是一条大蛇,因为蛇会伤人,叶公是避害而离去。所以没有不应该的。孔子还指出:叶公是一个贤人,是值得学习也值得拜访的。可见儒家把好龙的罪名加到叶公身上,是不成立的。关于孔子与叶公的争论问题,大体如下:孔子与叶公交流问题时,叶公向孔子提问,说叶公的家乡有一个人,举报了自己父亲的偷盗行为,这样是否算作正直。孔子认为这人是不孝的,因为“父为子隐,子为父隐”,才算正直。当时叶公同意了孔子的说法,认为孔子是对的。所谓的争论其实出现在子路和孔子之间,当晚,子路批评老师的说法认为:“子为父隐,父为子隐”的说法,有悖于是非分明的正直标准,不应该隐瞒过错,不然则无法解释“闻过则喜”“有过则改”“大义灭亲”等正直的价值取向。孔子经过思考,表扬了子路的正直,并认为是自己失言。还请子路转告叶公,承认错误,认为“子为父隐,父为子隐”的说法应该予以纠正,并请叶公不要把这样的失言流传给他人以免误导。可见孔子与叶公之间也是不存在争论的。以上事例取自《孔子轶事》王伯福主编,山东人民出版社,2002《孔子言行录》,吴龙辉,广东教育出版社,1999此两本书中,皆有类似记载,似乎以上引用的史料是可信的。于是转给大家分享。
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